Global Rail Network emblem
GRN Global Rail Network
Global Rail Network emblem
GRN Global Rail Network

HomeThe Plan

The Plan

The Global Rail Network in brief: what it connects, how it is built and paid for, and where it starts. A summary for governments, international organisations and investors.

PDF, 12 pages, version 2.0. Free to share for non-commercial, governmental and academic discussion.

216,084 kmTotal length of the network, about 5.4 times around the Earth
195+Countries connected
$1.6 trillionEstimated investment in the three main arteries
Tens of millionsDirect and indirect jobs

All figures are conceptual estimates. Final figures come only after feasibility studies.

The problem as it stands

Trade runs through a few narrow straits. Whole countries are left inland.

There is no continuous rail link between the Americas, Asia–Pacific and Africa, and no shared framework for governing international transport corridors. Inequality in infrastructure keeps concentrating wealth.

80%

of world trade by volume goes by sea, much of it through a handful of narrow and vulnerable chokepoints.

By seaEverything else
32

landlocked countries, home to nearly 600 million people, have no coast to trade from.

30%

higher trade costs for those landlocked countries than for coastal ones.

1.2%

of global exports is all those 32 countries hold between them.

Landlocked countriesRest of the world

Founding principles

Seven rules the network is built on.

They come before any route, budget or technology, and every later decision is measured against them.

  • Respect for national sovereignty. The network never takes the place of a state's own sovereignty.
  • Phased development. Each corridor can enter service on its own once it is finished.
  • Voluntary cooperation. Countries join by mutual agreement, never by compulsion.
  • Complete financial transparency. Founded on Islamic finance, free of interest.
  • Environmental sustainability. Clean energy and the smallest possible footprint.
  • A long view across generations. The network is built to last for centuries.
  • Geographical neutrality. No country or region is preferred above another.

The solution at a glance

Three arteries cross six continents.

About 86,370 km of main line, crossing each other at several points, with 33 branch lines reaching every other country. High-speed rail at 300 to 350 km/h, maglev on suitable ground, and tunnels and bridges at four sea crossings.

Artery 1

The Pacific Rim

Length
about 36,555 km
Key crossing
Bering Strait, 88 km
  1. Argentina
  2. Bolivia
  3. Colombia
  4. Mexico
  5. United States
  6. Canada
  7. Alaska
  8. Bering Strait
  9. Russia
  10. Mongolia
  11. China
  12. Thailand
  13. Indonesia
  14. Australia
High-speed rail, 300 km/h5 days 2 hours
Maglev, 500 km/h3 days 1 hour

Artery 2

The Atlantic and Indian Arc

Length
about 30,869 km
Sea crossings
Gibraltar 14 km, Bab-el-Mandeb 30 km, Hormuz 39 km
  1. Vladivostok
  2. Moscow
  3. Europe
  4. Gibraltar
  5. Morocco
  6. Nigeria
  7. Sudan
  8. Djibouti
  9. Bab-el-Mandeb
  10. Yemen
  11. Oman
  12. Hormuz
  13. Iran
  14. Pakistan
  15. China
High-speed rail, 300 km/h4 days 7 hours
Maglev, 500 km/h2 days 14 hours

Artery 3

The Africa–Asia Spine

Length
about 18,946 km
Key crossing
None, overland the whole way
  1. South Africa
  2. Zimbabwe
  3. Uganda
  4. Sudan
  5. Cairo
  6. Lebanon
  7. Iraq
  8. Iran
  9. Turkmenistan
  10. Kazakhstan
  11. Russia
High-speed rail, 300 km/h2 days 15 hours
Maglev, 500 km/h1 day 14 hours
All three: 86,370 kmAbout 12 days by high-speed rail, about 7 days by maglev

Journey times are theoretical. They assume continuous running, without stops, changes of train or border crossings. Countries and cities are named only to help you picture the route. The final routes will follow geological, environmental and economic studies and a vote of the Global Rail Consortium (GRC).

Branch lines

33 lines bring every country onto the network.

About 129,714 km of branch line connect more than 195 countries to the three arteries. Together with the main lines, the network reaches about 216,084 km.

AfricaWest, centre, east, Madagascar, Cape Verde and the islands
9 lines
~38,200 km
AsiaArabian Peninsula, South Asia, Japan and Korea, South-East Asia
8 lines
~25,200 km
EuropeScandinavia, British Isles, Balkans, Caucasus
8 lines
~25,100 km
OceaniaNew Zealand and the Pacific islands
3 lines
~21,114 km
The AmericasCaribbean, Central America, eastern and western South America
5 lines
~20,100 km

Technology

The right train for the ground beneath it.

No single technology suits every terrain across six continents. Each section gets the technology that best fits its geography, climate, population and cost.

The hyperloop is not a proven technology yet: the best-funded company in the field closed at the end of 2023, and no commercial passenger route is in service. The network is built on tested technology, with infrastructure ready to take the hyperloop if it matures.

Timetable

Five phases over fifty years and beyond.

Each finished section starts earning on its own and helps pay for the next. The project has no single point of failure.

  1. 1

    Years 1 to 5

    Foundation

    Feasibility study, the founding of the Global Rail Consortium, environmental assessments, treaties, and the structure of Islamic finance.

  2. 2

    Years 5 to 15

    Opening corridors

    The first corridors: the easiest to build, the quickest to pay back and the least contested.

  3. 3

    Years 15 to 30

    The main arteries

    The three arteries and the great sea crossings are finished. Branch lines to member countries begin.

  4. 4

    Years 30 to 50

    Completion

    Every branch line is finished, and about 216,000 km of network is in service.

  5. 5

    Year 50 onwards

    Evolution

    Next-generation technology, new branch lines, and wider global cooperation.

Governance and finance

Each country has one vote, and no interest is ever paid.

The Global Rail Consortium runs the network on the model of the International Space Station: no country, company or person holds monopoly power. All money moves through Islamic finance: sukuk, musharaka, ijara, istisna'a and waqf.

How profit is shared

  • 80%Shareholding member states, in proportion to each country's share
  • 10%Network Development Fund, for new branch lines and improvements
  • 5%Guarantee and Emergency Fund, for risk and crises
  • 5%Waqf and Solidarity Fund, for low-income countries and travellers of limited means

The numbers, as first estimates

$1.6 trillionfor the three main arteries, about 86,370 km
$18 millionaverage cost per kilometre
8–12%annual return to investors at maturity
7–12 yearsto recover capital, depending on the artery

High-speed rail usually costs $17–40 million per km on level ground. Tunnels, bridges and sea crossings cost far more, and maglev can cost $50–250 million per km. The $1.6 trillion is at the lowest end of that range and will be revised in the feasibility study.

What to expect

What changes when the continents are joined.

A network that runs day and night, in several shifts, changes the places it passes through. It also changes the countries that had no route to the outside world.

  • Tens of millions of direct and indirect jobs around the world.
  • New cities and economic centres along all three arteries.
  • Landlocked countries connected to world markets.
  • Lower cost and shorter time for long overland freight.
  • Less dependence on a few vulnerable sea chokepoints.
  • Health, medical and education standards brought into line across continents.
  • Fewer cultural barriers, through daily human contact.
  • Islamic finance proved at global scale, as an ethical economy for all.

Lower emissions per tonne carried

Grams of carbon dioxide per tonne-kilometre. Rail replaces part of air and road transport.

The first practical step

Before any signature, any budget or any breaking of ground:

An independent, multi-disciplinary group to prepare a preliminary feasibility study.

Its job is to weigh this plan. It will review the routes, make the cost estimates realistic, test the sea crossings, and decide what stands and what must be rewritten. It needs a few dozen experts and an institution to host them.

Railway engineersGeologistsTransport economistsInternational lawyersEnvironmental specialistsIslamic economics

Who is needed

A project for many hands.

If you work in one of these fields and want to take part, write to us.

  • GovernmentsPolitical will and agreements on territorial cooperation.
  • Financial institutionsSovereign wealth funds, development banks, issuers of sukuk.
  • Engineers and scientistsTunnelling, railways, geology and civil engineering.
  • International organisationsThe United Nations, the World Bank, regional unions, the International Union of Railways.
  • Far-sighted investorsThose who want to leave something lasting as well as earn a profit.
  • Universities and research centresEngineering, economics, law and the environment.
  • Media and educatorsPublic understanding and social support.
  • Want to help?Tell us who you are and how you could contribute.
    Get in touch
History will remember those who build it.
Kianosh Rahmani, originator of the GRN idea

Executive Summary

The full summary, 12 pages, version 2.0 (2026). Free to share for non-commercial, governmental and academic discussion.

No comments yetBe the first to share a thought